DOPPLEROGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF XENOSCLEROPLASTY IN PROGRESSIVE MYOPIA WITH CHORIORETINAL DYSTROPHY

Abstract

In recent years, the proportion of chorioretinal dystrophy in progressive myopia has been growing. The literature provides a detailed analysis of the mechanism underlying hemodynamic impairment in patients with retinal dystrophy in myopia. The use of conservative treatment methods for progressive myopia is not always effective. Among the surgical interventions aimed at stabilizing the progression of myopia, the xenotransplantation method is also used.

Purpose – to evaluate the efficacy of xenoscleroplasty in progressive myopia complicated by chorioretinal dystrophy using the method of dynamic assessment of hemodynamics in the ophthalmic artery basin.

Material and methods
Clinical studies were conducted in two groups of patients presenting with progressive myopia complicated by chorioretinal dystrophy: a control group consisting of 10 patients (16 eyes) who received conservative treatment methods only, and a study group comprising 36 patients (70 eyes) who underwent xenoscleroplasty. Myopic refraction ranged from (-) 9.0 D to (-) 22.0 D, and patient age ranged from 12 to 43 years. Along with standard ophthalmological examination, linear blood flow velocity (BFV) in the ophthalmic artery, central retinal artery, and posterior ciliary arteries was evaluated over a one-year period using Doppler ultrasonography. These measurements were taken before and after xenoscleroplasty in the study group, and before and after conservative therapy in the control group.

Results
Dynamic assessment of hemodynamics in the ophthalmic artery basin in progressive myopia with chorioretinal dystrophy revealed an increase in BFV after xenoscleroplasty by an average of 2 cm/s, which could contribute to the improvement of ocular functions. The implanted xenograft induced a reactive inflammatory response accompanied by enhanced hemodynamics around the graft, thereby accelerating BFV in the ophthalmic artery basin. This, in turn, led to improved microcirculation at the level of the retina and optic nerve.

Conclusion
Xenoscleroplasty in progressive myopia complicated by chorioretinal dystrophy is an effective method for stabilizing retinal dystrophic lesions. Furthermore, Dopplerographic evaluation of BFV in the ophthalmic artery basins serves as an objective method for assessing the outcomes of the surgical treatment performed.