VAXTINDANQABAQ DOĞULMUŞLARIN RETİNOPATİYASI OLAN KÖRPƏLƏRDƏ PERİNATAL VƏ NEONATAL DÖVRÜN XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİ

Xülasə

SUMMARY

Health protection of premature children is one of the important medico-social problem of modernity. In spite of attems to prolong the terms of pregnancy both the number of premature children and the frequency of retinopathy of prematurity (RP) had icreased. Last years there are numerous investigations of foreign authors directed to the learning of ethiology, pathogenesis, factors of risk of RP. But in the local literary sources there are no new investigations in given sphere.

Aim – investigation of peculiarities of perinatal and neonatal period of children with RP

Material and methods
142 premature child with RP 77 (54,23 %) girls and 65 (45,77 %) boys were included into the investigation which had been conducted on the basis of National Ophthalmology Centre named after acad. Zarifa Aliyeva, SRI of Pediatry named after K.Faradjova, Republic Perinatal Centre. The primary investigations were performed in accordance with the international records taking into account the gestational age (±2) of child. 

Results
Out of 142 examined children in 11 (7,74 %) there was noted RP at the various stages: among 30 (21.1%) children in 7 (23.3%), with a mass <1000 gr; among 18 (12.7%) children in 2 (11,1%) with a mass 1000-1250 gr; out of 54 (38%) children in 2 (3.7%) with a mass 1250-1500 gr ROP was noted. Out of 17 (11.9 %) children of gestational age of 22-28 weeks in 8 (47%); in 91 (64.1 %) children of 29-32 weeks in 3 (3.2%) the RP was revealed. In children with gestational age of >32 weeks RP was not noted. İn 8 (17 %) children out of 47, subjected to the oxygenotherapy, the RP of the different degree of severity was noted. Out of 95 children without oxygenotherapy only in 3 (3.2%) RP was noted. The pathogenetic connection of oxygenotherapy with the future development of RP is traced. Among 43 children in 8 (18.6%) having received surfactant therapy RP was noted. Among 100 children without surfactant therapy, only in 3 (3 %) RP was noted. This fact testifes that it is also a factor of risk. Out 51 child in 5( 9.8%) having received transfusion of erythrocyte mass and among 91 child in 6 (6.6 %) not having received blood preparations, the RP was noted. During the examinations of 39 patients with sepsis in 8 (20.5%), and 103 patients without sepsis in 3 (2,9% ), there was development of RP. Out of 30 children with NEC in 8 (26,7 %) and in 3 (2,7%) from112 children without NEC was noted ROP that is the factor of risk. With the result of performed examinations we may conclude that RP frequently develops in premature childs from the mothers with a single pregnancy at the age of 30 < years. The smaller frequency of RP had been noted in children from the mothers with preeclampsia and untimely detachment of placenta. The number of pregnancies does not play the leading role of the pathogenesis of RP.

Conclutions
As a result of investigation we had concluded that the main factors of risk of RP are: a small gestational age, low mass at birth, oxygenotherapy, surfactant therapy, hemotransfusions, sepsis, NEC, mothers age (30<). In future we plan to conduct the more extensive investigations in this sphere.