ŞƏKƏRLİ DİABETİ OLAN XƏSTƏLƏRDƏ KATARAKTA CƏRRAHİYYƏSİNDƏN SONRA MAKULA ÖDEMİNİN MÜALİCƏSİ VƏ PROFİLAKTİKASI

Xülasə

SUMMARY

In the article we give the review of literature data refecting the modern notions about cataract in diabetes mellitus patient. According to the WHO data there are nearly 422 mln. People in the world suffering from the diabetes mellitus. Cataract is the most important cause of blindness in diabetes mellitus patients and according to the WHO data this is 51% (approximately 20 mln) from the common number.
The risk factors of cataract development in young adults include: duration of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy stage, the high level of glycated hemoglobin, proteinuria. The risk factors of cataract development in the elderly age include: age, stage of diabetic retinopathy, the use of insulin, use of diuretics, a low diastolic blood pressure, low intraocular pressure, smoking.
At the present stage of development of a cataract eye surgery the standard treatment is recognized as the ultrasound phacoemulsifcation with implantation of fexible posterior chamber intraocular lens. One of the most severe complications of postoperative period of cataract phacoemulsifcation leading to a signifcant reduction in visual acuity is cystic macular edema.
The issues of prevention of postoperative infectious complications in cataract surgery in diabetes are the most relevant and discussed.