PROLİFERATİV DIABETİK RETİNOPATİYANIN FƏSADLARI ZAMANI 23 QEYC PARS PLANA VİTREKTOMİYA ƏMƏLİYYATI VƏ SİLİKON YAĞI TAMPONADASININ TƏTBİQİNİN NƏTİCƏLƏRİ

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SUMMARY

Aim - to analyze results and complications of 23 gauge pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil endotamponade for complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Material and methods
Results of vitrectomy with silicone oil endotamponade in 198 eyes (177 patients) for complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, performed in the department of diabetic eye disease at Z.Aliyeva National Ophthalmology Centre in 2009-2015, were analyzed. Silicone oil was used as a primary endotamponade in 185 eyes, and in reoperations in 13 eyes. Silicone oil of 1000 cst was used in all cases.

Results
Main indication for vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade was tractional retinal detachment (in 83,2% of cases). Final anatomic success was observed in 96,2% of cases with primary silicone oil injection and in 100% of cases with reoperation. Silicone oil was removed at a mean period of 7,7±6,9 months after primary surgery. At 1 year after surgery vision improved in 88 eyes (66,7%), not changed in 26 eyes (19,7%) and deteriorated in 18 eyes (13,6%) out of 132 eyes, which completed follow-up period. Mean visual acuity (in LogMAR units) improved from 1,88±0,73 to 1,27±0,74 (p<0,001). The most frequent complications after vitrectomy with siliocne oil endotamponade were: development of cataract (operated in 91,4% of phakic eyes within 1 year), ocular hypertension and glaucoma (40,5% of all eyes at 1 year), recurrent vitreous cavity hemorrhage after silicone oil removal (6,7%), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (8,1%), dense epiretinal membrane formation (9,7%), central retinal artery occlusion (1,1%).

Conclusion
Vitrectomy with silicone oil endotamponade allows to obtain high anatomical success in advanced complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy with stabilizaton or improvement of vision in most of the cases. The most important complication after vitrectomy with silicone oil endotamponade are ocular hypertension and secondary glaucoma.